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Bender〔 (Law 764-XV from December 27, 2001 on administrative-territorial organisation of the Republic of Moldova ), Monitorul Oficial al Republicii Moldova, no. 16/53, December 29, 2001 (subsequent modifications taken into account)〕 ((:benˈder); ''de facto'' official name Bendery ((ロシア語:Бендеры), (:bʲɪnˈdɛrɨ)); also known by other alternative names) is a city within the internationally recognized borders of Moldova under ''de facto'' control of the unrecognized Transnistria Republic (PMR) since 1992. It is located on the right (western) bank of the river Dniester in the historical region of Bessarabia. Together with its suburb Proteagailovca, the city forms a municipality, which is separate from Transnistria according to the Moldovan law. Bender is located in the buffer zone established at the end of the 1992 War of Transnistria. While the Joint Control Commission has overriding powers in the city, Transnistria has ''de facto'' administrative control. ==Name== First mentioned in 1408 as ''Тягянякяча'' (''Tyagyanyakyacha'') in a document in Old Slavonic (the term has Cuman〔(History of Bender on the Official website of Republic of Moldova ): "trecătoare" înseamnă în limba cumană Tighina〕 origins), the town was known in the Middle Ages as ''Tighina'' in Moldavian sources and later as ''Bender'' in Ottoman sources. The fortress and the city were called ''Bender'' for the most part of the time they were a rayah of the Ottomans (1538–1812), and during most of the time they belonged to the Russian Empire (1828–1917). They were known as ''Tighina'' (Тигина, (:tiˈɡina)) in the Principality of Moldavia, in the early part of the Russian Empire period (1812–1828), and during the time the city belonged to Romania (1918–1940; 1941–1944). The city is part of the historical region of Bessarabia. During the Soviet period the city was known in the Moldavian SSR as ''Бендер'' (''Bender'') in Moldovan (Romanian) written then with the Cyrillic alphabet, and as ''Бендéры'' (''Bendery'') in Russian. Independent Moldova officially knows the city as ''Bender'', but otherwise both names (''Bender'' and ''Tighina'') are in use.〔 ("Cetatea Tighina" ) on Monument.md 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bender, Moldova」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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